The 108th consisted of the following. Of the four letter companies, 3 were collecting companies and 1 was a clearing company.

• Headquarters Company
• Company A
• Company B
• Company C
• Company D

Under the terms of the Geneva Convention, the Medic did not carry a gun. The medic continually exposed himself to enemy fire to treat the wounded, sometimes being wounded or killed himself. From platoon level to battalion, the medic's sole duty was to render aid to the wounded and to see to it that the more seriously wounded got treatment quickly and efficiently. In April 1945 the Army recognized the heroic work of the Medics by authorizing the Medical Badge. It was the equivalent of the Combat Infantryman Badge and was awarded to enlisted men and officers below the rank of major who had served in combat. Regimental surgeons of any rank were also eligible.

Each Company would be designated to support an infantry regiment.